E hele mai e aʻo e pili ana iā HSS
ʻO ke kila wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe (HSS) he kila mea hana me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻaʻahu a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kila makani a i ʻole ke kila ʻoi, ʻo ia hoʻi, paʻakikī ia ʻoiai ke hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i ka lewa i ka wā e kinai ai a he ʻoi. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi he kila keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ke kila wikiwiki he kila hui me kahi ʻano paʻakikī e loaʻa ana nā mea hoʻokumu carbide e like me ka tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium a me ka cobalt. ʻO ka nui o nā mea hui e hiki aku ana ma kahi o 10 a 25%. Hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ka wela kiʻekiʻe (ma kahi o 500 ℃) i ka ʻoki wikiwiki, hiki i ka HRC ma luna o 60. ʻO kēia ke ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka HSS - paʻakikī ʻulaʻula. A me ke kila kila kalapona ma o ka quenching a me ka tempering wela haʻahaʻa, ma ka mahana o ka lumi, ʻoiai he paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa, akā i ka wā e ʻoi aku ai ka mahana ma mua o 200 ℃, e hāʻule koke ka paʻakikī, i ka 500 ℃ ua hāʻule ka paʻakikī i kahi kekelē like me ke kūlana annealed, nalowale loa ka hiki ke ʻoki i ka metala, kahi e kaupalena ai i nā mea ʻoki kila kalapona. A me ke kila wikiwiki ma muli o ka paʻakikī ʻulaʻula maikaʻi, e hoʻopiha i nā hemahema make o ke kila kila kalapona.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila wikiwiki e hana i nā mea ʻoki metala ʻoi lahilahi a kūpaʻa i ka hopena, akā no ka hana ʻana i nā bearings wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā make extrusion anu, e like me nā mea hana huli, nā wili, nā kapuahi, nā pahi ʻoki mīkini a me nā make koi.
E hele mai e aʻo e pili ana i ke kila tungsten
Loaʻa i ke kila tungsten (carbide) kahi moʻo o nā waiwai maikaʻi loa e like me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa wela, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu ʻaʻole i loli iki ʻoiai ma ka mahana o 500℃, a he paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe nō hoʻi ma 1000℃.
ʻO ke kila tungsten, nona nā ʻāpana nui he tungsten carbide a me cobalt, he 99% o nā ʻāpana āpau a me 1% o nā metala ʻē aʻe, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila tungsten, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he carbide cemented, a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia nā niho o ka ʻoihana hou.
ʻO ke kila tungsten kahi mea hui sintered i loaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi ʻano metala carbide. ʻO ka tungsten carbide, cobalt carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide, a me ka tantalum carbide nā ʻāpana maʻamau o ke kila tungsten. ʻO ka nui o ka palaoa o ka ʻāpana carbide (a i ʻole ka pae) maʻamau i ka pae o 0.2-10 microns, a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā palaoa carbide me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻopaʻa metala. ʻO nā metala hoʻopaʻa he mau metala hui hao, maʻamau cobalt a me nickel. No laila aia nā tungsten-cobalt alloys, tungsten-nickel alloys a me tungsten-titanium-cobalt alloys.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka sinter tungsten, ʻo ia ke kaomi ʻana i ka pauka i loko o kahi billet, a laila i loko o ka umu sintering e hoʻomehana iā ia i kahi mahana (mahana sintering) a mālama iā ia no kekahi manawa (manawa paʻa), a laila e hoʻolulu iā ia e loaʻa ai ka mea kila tungsten me nā waiwai e pono ai.
①Tungsten a me ka cobalt cemented carbide
ʻO ka ʻāpana nui ʻo ia ka tungsten carbide (WC) a me ka cobalt binder (Co). Ua haku ʻia ka papa o "YG" ("paʻakikī, cobalt" ma Hanyu Pinyin) a me ka pakeneka o ka nui o ka cobalt awelika. No ka laʻana, YG8, ʻo ia hoʻi ka awelika o WCo = 8% a ʻo ke koena he tungsten carbide cemented carbide.
②Tungsten, titanium a me ka cobalt cemented carbide
ʻO nā ʻāpana nui he tungsten carbide, titanium carbide (TiC) a me cobalt. Ua haku ʻia ka papa me "YT" ("paʻakikī, titanium" ma Hanyu Pinyin) a me ka awelika o ka titanium carbide. No ka laʻana, ʻo YT15, ʻo ia hoʻi ka awelika TiC = 15%, ʻo ke koena he tungsten carbide a me ka cobalt o ka tungsten titanium cobalt carbide.
③Tungsten-titanium-tantalum (niobium) carbide
ʻO nā ʻāpana nui he tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide (a i ʻole niobium carbide) a me cobalt. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano carbide he carbide kumu laulā a i ʻole carbide honua. ʻO ka papa he "YW" ("paʻakikī" a me "miliona" ma Hanyu Pinyin) me kahi helu kaʻina, e like me YW1.
Loaʻa i ke kila tungsten kahi moʻo o nā waiwai maikaʻi loa e like me ke paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa wela, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala, a pēlā aku. ʻO kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu ʻaʻole i loli iki ʻoiai ma ka mahana o 500 ℃, a he paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe nō hoʻi ma 1000 ℃. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka carbide cemented ma ke ʻano he mea hana, e like me nā mea hana huli, nā mea hana wili, nā wili, nā mea hana wili, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka ʻoki ʻana o ka carbide hou ua like ia me nā haneli o nā manawa o ke kila kalapona.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Pepeluali-21-2023
